The author's reflections within this paper revolve around the significant difficulties in accepting an unrelenting and distressing reality for both the patient and the analyst, compounded by the rapid and violent unfolding of external circumstances that ultimately demanded a change in the therapeutic setting. The option to continue the sessions by phone brought to light distinct problems related to the disruptions and the inability to utilize visual cues. The analyst was quite surprised to find that the study also suggested the potential for working through the meaning of specific autistic mental areas that had, until then, been beyond the reach of verbal description. Questioning the ramifications of these modifications, the author expounds on the resultant impact on analysts and patients of how alterations to the frameworks of our daily lives and clinical practice have exposed previously hidden elements of personality, previously concealed within the setting's structure.
A collaborative effort, documented in this paper, by the volunteer community-based organization A Home Within (AHW), focuses on providing pro-bono long-term psychotherapy for both present and past foster youth. A summary of the treatment model is provided, coupled with a report detailing an AHW volunteer's treatment intervention, which will be followed by a discussion of the treatment's broader societal impact on our psychoanalytic work. In-depth psychoanalytic psychotherapy with a young girl in pre-adoptive foster care illuminates the therapeutic benefits of such treatment models for foster youth, who are frequently marginalized by strained and underfunded community mental health systems in the United States. The open-ended format of this therapy gave this traumatized child an exceptional opportunity to overcome past relational traumas and form more secure attachment relationships. We explore the intricacies of the case from the vantage points of the psychotherapeutic process and the wider societal context of this community-based program.
In the paper, psychoanalytic dream theories are juxtaposed with the results of empirical dream research. This text encapsulates the psychoanalytic debate on dream functions, including aspects like dream's role in maintaining sleep, wish fulfillment, compensation, and the implications of latent versus manifest dream content. Within the domain of empirical dream research, these inquiries have been the subject of investigation, and the obtained results offer potential insights for psychoanalytic theory development. The paper offers a comprehensive look at empirical dream studies and their outcomes, coupled with clinical dream analysis in psychoanalysis, mostly undertaken in German-speaking territories. Major psychoanalytic dream theories and contemporary approaches are analyzed in light of the results, revealing influential developments stemming from these insights. This paper's conclusion presents a revised theory of dreaming and its functions, uniting psychoanalytic concepts with research data.
The author seeks to highlight the way in which a revelatory reverie occurring during a session can unveil surprising intuitions about the fundamental essence and possible articulation of the emotional current experienced in the immediate context of the analytical encounter. Reverie serves as a critical analytical resource, particularly when the analyst is engaging with primordial mental states, tumultuous with unrepresentable feelings and sensations. A hypothetical framework of functions, technical applications, and analytical consequences of reverie in an analytic process is outlined in this paper, emphasizing the transformative power of analysis in altering the nightmares and anxieties that trouble the patient's consciousness through dreams. The author emphasizes (a) the role of reverie in gauging analysability during initial consultations; (b) the distinction between 'polaroid reveries' and 'raw reveries', two types of reverie identified by the author; and (c) the potential for revealing a reverie, particularly a 'polaroid reverie', according to the author's analysis. The author's hypothesis, concerning the reverie's diverse applications in analysis as both a probe and a resource, is presented through living portraits of analytic life that engage with the archaic and pre-symbolic spheres of psychic functioning.
When Bion launched his attacks on linking, it was clear he was heeding the words of his former analyst. Klein's lecture on technique, delivered the year past, highlighted the imperative of a book specifically addressing the intricate process of linking [.], a core tenet within the realm of psychoanalysis. Second Thoughts, Attacks on Linking, a paper later discussed in detail within the Second Thoughts, has arguably become Bion's most renowned publication, and, excluding Freud's works, ranks among the top four most frequently cited articles within psychoanalytic literature. In a short and brilliant essay, Bion elucidates the intriguing and mystifying concept of invisible-visual hallucinations, a concept that, to this day, has largely been ignored or unaddressed in subsequent academic discourse. Accordingly, the author's recommendation is to re-engage with Bion's text, beginning with the perspective of this idea. In order to delineate a definition as sharp and distinct as possible, a comparison is made to concepts of negative hallucination (Freud), dream screen (Lewin), and primitive agony (Winnicott). In closing, we hypothesize that IVH might provide a template for the origin of any representation; namely, a micro-traumatic inscription of stimulus imprints (though capable of escalating into an actual trauma) woven into the fabric of the psyche.
The paper analyzes proof within clinical psychoanalysis, by re-examining Freud's claims regarding the connection between effective psychoanalytic treatment and truth, the 'Tally Argument' as labelled by philosopher Adolf Grunbaum. I re-emphasize criticisms of Grunbaum's reformulation of this argument, thereby exposing the degree to which he misapprehends Freud. learn more Thereafter, I articulate my own comprehension of the argument and the logic that anchors its key premise. Based on the insights gleaned from this discussion, I delve into three distinct forms of proof, each further illuminated by analogies drawn from related fields of study. Laurence Perrine's 'The Nature of Proof in the Interpretation of Poetry' inspires my exploration of inferential proof, a crucial aspect of demonstrating an interpretation through a compelling Inference to the Best Explanation. My exploration of apodictic proof, of which psychoanalytic insight provides a potent instance, is energized by mathematical proof. milk microbiome The holistic method of legal reasoning, ultimately, leads to my exploration of holistic evidence, providing a reliable mechanism for corroborating epistemic insights through successful therapeutic interventions. Psychoanalytic truth can be significantly corroborated by these three kinds of verification.
This study showcases how four renowned psychoanalytic thinkers, Ricardo Steiner, André Green, Björn Salomonsson, and Dominique Scarfone, utilize Peirce's philosophical framework to deepen our understanding of psychoanalytic thought. Steiner's paper investigates how Peirce's semiotics can bridge a conceptual gap, primarily within the Kleinian framework, concerning phenomena occurring between symbolic equations—representations perceived as facts by psychotic patients—and symbolization. Green's work on Lacan's theory of the unconscious, structured like language, proposes an alternative: Peirce's semiotic framework, particularly focusing on icons and indices, as a more suitable approach for understanding the unconscious than the linguistic perspective of Lacan. food-medicine plants Through one of Salomonsson's works, we see a practical illustration of Peirce's philosophical approach applied to the clinical field, effectively responding to the argument that words are unintelligible to infants in mother-infant treatment; a different publication by the author similarly draws upon Peirce's concepts to propose interesting facets related to Bion's beta-elements. Scarfone's last paper, addressing the formation of meanings in psychoanalysis generally, will nonetheless be limited to scrutinizing how Peirce's conceptual tools are implemented in Scarfone's proposed model.
Several pediatric studies have validated the renal angina index (RAI) as a predictor of severe acute kidney injury (AKI). This study sought to evaluate the RAI's capacity to predict severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill COVID-19 patients and to propose a modified version, the mRAI, for this cohort.
A prospective cohort analysis examined COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at a major medical center in Mexico City between March 2020 and January 2021. AKI was categorized using the KDIGO guidelines as a reference. Using the Matsuura approach, the RAI score was ascertained for each of the enrolled patients. All patients, who received IMV treatment, received the maximum score for the condition, which correlated exactly to the change in creatinine (SCr) values. At both 24 and 72 hours post-ICU admission, the primary outcome was severe acute kidney injury (AKI), a stage 2 or 3 condition. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the elements influencing severe acute kidney injury (AKI). These findings were applied to the development of a mRAI (modified Risk Assessment Instrument) and its comparison.
The relative merit of the RAI and mRAI scores.
A significant 30 percent of the 452 patients investigated developed severe acute kidney injury. The predictive power of the RAI score, measured by AUC, was 0.67 at 24 hours and 0.73 at 72 hours, with a 10-point threshold used to identify patients at risk for severe acute kidney injury. A BMI of 30 kg/m², as determined by multivariate analysis, after controlling for age and sex, was observed.
The presence of a SOFA score of 6 and the Charlson comorbidity index were found to be risk factors in the emergence of severe acute kidney injury. The calculation of the new mRAI score involves adding up the conditions and multiplying this combined value by the SCr level.