Twenty LTTD items were compiled within the 'List of Medicinal and Edible Products,' and 21 were encompassed within the 'List of Products Used for Health-care Food,' with observed effects spanning modern healthcare, including the enhancement of immunity, support for reducing blood lipids, and contributions to anti-oxidation. Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica, a venerable treatise on traditional Chinese medicine, illuminates the long-term therapeutic potential of medications, offering guidance still relevant for managing the sub-health and chronic ailments prevalent today. A long history of practical application exists in evaluating the efficacy and safety of LTTD, and the edible nature of some of these drugs is a distinguishing aspect of the entire health care system, especially relevant to the evolving healthcare needs of the aging population under the Big Health umbrella. Yet, certain entries in the book are circumscribed by the knowledge of the time, requiring rigorous scientific investigation in light of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and associated regulations and technical requirements, focused on removing distortions, preserving the truth, and retaining the genuine value, thus leading to increased sophistication, innovation, and advancement.
Within the digital transformation of China's pharmaceutical sector, a key challenge lies in effectively governing and analyzing industrial data, excavating valuable insights, and utilizing them to direct drug production. Generally, the breadth of Chinese pharmaceutical techniques is substantial, but there's a requirement for enhanced consistency in drug quality. This problem was addressed with an optimization strategy that merges sophisticated computational methods (including Bayesian networks, convolutional neural networks, and Pareto multi-objective optimization algorithms) with Lean Six Sigma instruments (like Shewhart control charts and process performance indices) to thoroughly analyze historical industrial data and facilitate the continuous improvement of pharmaceutical processes. Selleck Batimastat In addition, we adopted this method to optimize the production of sporoderm-free Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. Post-optimization, a preliminary selection of critical parameter combinations was found to ensure the P(pk) values for crucial quality features – moisture, particle size, crude polysaccharides, and total triterpenes – within the sporoderm-removed Ganoderma lucidum spore powder achieve a minimum of 133. The results support the conclusion that the proposed strategy has a substantial industrial application value.
Through the investigation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) infrared signals and its role in phlegm-dampness metabolic syndrome (MS), this study sought to provide a concrete basis for the clinical management and diagnosis of phlegm-dampness MS. In the South District of Guang'anmen Hospital, within the department of endocrinology and ward, a study was conducted on subjects between August 2021 and April 2022, affiliated with the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. This cohort consisted of 20 healthy controls, 40 cases of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) without phlegm-dampness, and 40 cases of MS exhibiting phlegm-dampness symptoms. The subjects' general information, including height and weight, was documented, and a body mass index (BMI) was computed. Selleck Batimastat A series of measurements were conducted, encompassing waist circumference (WC), and both systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures. Evaluations indicated the presence of triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), leptin (LP), adiponectin (ADP), and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21). Utilizing an infrared thermal imager, the infrared thermal images of the supraclavicular region (SCR) in subjects were collected both pre- and post-cold stimulation test, and the resulting thermal image alterations in each of the three groups were scrutinized. Subsequently, the average body surface temperature differences among the SCR groups were compared, and the shifts in BAT levels within SCR were analyzed. The MS group exhibited increases (P<0.001) in waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, triglycerides, and fasting plasma glucose, in comparison to the healthy control group. Conversely, HDL-C levels were significantly reduced (P<0.001). A statistically significant (P<0.001) higher conversion score for phlegm-dampness physique was observed in the phlegm-dampness MS group when compared to the non-phlegm-dampness MS group. In the infrared heat map, a consistent average body surface temperature was detected for SCR across all three groups before cold stimulation. The average body surface temperature of the MS SCR group dropped after cold stimulation, falling below that of the healthy control group, a finding supported by statistical significance (P<0.05). Cold stimulus-induced SCR temperature peaks and their respective arrival times differed across the three groups as follows: healthy controls (3 minutes), non-phlegm-dampness MS group (4 minutes), and phlegm-dampness MS group (5 minutes). Elevated thermal deviation of the SCR, along with higher average body surface temperatures on the left and right sides (P<0.001), was observed in the healthy control and non-phlegm-dampness MS groups. No significant change in SCR thermal deviation occurred in the phlegm-dampness MS group. In contrast to the healthy control group, the difference in elevated temperature between the left and right sides was significantly lower (P<0.001, P<0.005), and the elevated temperature of the left side was lower (P<0.005) when compared to the non-phlegm-dampness MS group. The average body surface temperature of SCR varied most notably in the healthy control group, less so in the non-phlegm-dampness MS group, and least in the phlegm-dampness MS group. Significantly higher FINS, BMI, and FGF-21 levels were found in the phlegm-dampness MS group when compared with the healthy control and non-phlegm-dampness MS groups (P<0.001, P<0.005). In contrast, ADP levels were lower in this group (P<0.001, P<0.005). Selleck Batimastat The phlegm-dampness multiple sclerosis group had a higher LP level than the non-phlegm-dampness multiple sclerosis group, a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Clinical trials on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with skin rash and cracking (SCR) showed that average body surface temperatures decreased after cold stimulation, lower than that of healthy individuals. The phlegm-dampness MS group exhibited less fluctuation in thermal deviation, leading to a smaller difference in elevated temperatures compared to the other two groups. These characteristics objectively underpinned the clinical diagnosis and treatment procedures for phlegm-dampness MS. The abnormal BAT markers indicated a decline in the amount or function of BAT present within the phlegm-dampness MS patient's SCR. A strong association existed between BAT and phlegm-dampness MS, suggesting BAT as a promising interventional target in this condition.
Food tends to collect in children experiencing fever. Traditional Chinese medicine's approach to avoiding heat damage in children involves removing accumulated food stagnation and clearing excess heat. This study systematically investigated the effectiveness of Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules (XRCQ) in clearing heat and eliminating food accumulation. A model of fever and food accumulation was created in suckling SD rats by administering a high-sugar, high-fat diet and carrageenan injections, with the objective of exploring the potential mechanism. References from this study are integral to research into the pharmacodynamics and mechanism of action of XRCQ. A reduction in rectal temperature in suckling rats, coupled with improvements in inflammatory parameters like interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon (IFN-), white blood cells, and monocytes, was observed following XRCQ treatment. XRCQ's treatment approach effectively addressed intestinal injury, leading to enhanced intestinal propulsion. The thermolytic heat-clearing properties of XRCQ were further investigated using non-targeted and targeted metabolomics methods. These methods relied on LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS and UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. In the non-target metabolomics analysis of brain tissue samples, the application of QI software in conjunction with SIMCA-P software resulted in the identification of 22 significantly regulated endogenous metabolites. The intervention's primary impact, as determined by MetaboAnalyst pathway enrichment, encompassed tyrosine metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, inositol phosphate metabolism, and various other pathways. The results of concurrent targeted metabolomics on brain tissue samples demonstrated that XRCQ affected the vigor of the digestive system, inhibiting abnormal energy metabolism and inflammatory responses, thus contributing to the elimination of heat and food stagnation across various levels.
Bioinformatics analysis, in this study, was employed to identify crucial genes implicated in the progression from idiopathic membranous nephropathy to end-stage renal disease, along with the prediction of targeted Chinese medicinal herbs, remedies, and their active components possessing preventive and therapeutic properties. Data from the GSE108113 microarray, representing idiopathic membranous nephropathy, and the GSE37171 microarray, were extracted from the comprehensive gene expression database. Further analysis using R software identified 8 homozygous differentially expressed genes crucial to the transformation of idiopathic membranous nephropathy into end-stage renal disease. GraphPad Prism was used to validate the expression of homozygous differentially expressed genes from GSE115857 (idiopathic membranous nephropathy) and GSE66494 (chronic kidney disease) microarrays. Seven genes, namely FOS, OGT, CLK1, TIA1, TTC14, CHORDC1, and ANKRD36B, were ultimately selected.